These four diseases are curable without resorting to expensive treatments, but each year are the cause of more than 17 million children between 7 and under 7 years old die. In your hands it is prevent and address them as symptoms occur:
Pneumonia: Also known as infection of the lungs, it is the killer of one million children a year, representing 15% of children under 5 years. Most striking is that yes there is a cure, but not everyone follows the appropriate treatment or attend the symptoms as they arise. So if your child attends the nursery is advisable to talk to your doctor to see if it is desirable that the fixtures pneumococcal vaccine thus can more safely protect preventing sick.
Diarrhoea accounts for 9% of all deaths in children under 5 years. The main causes are gastrointestinal infections, colds, antibiotics and excess fruit or juice in your daily diet. However, you can also have diarrhea in a child with enzyme deficiencies or dentition (he is credited by increased salivation having a baby when you are sprouting teeth). The recommendation is promptly consult your pediatrician to let you know how you should act and keep hydrated, because the lack of fluids is the leading cause of death from diarrhea.
Malaria: Its symptoms resemble those of pneumonia, so diagnose wrongly can lead to improper treatment. This disease is also a major cause of anemia in children. To avoid the main thing is prevention through the use of mosquito nets on doors and windows.
Malnutrition: Every year about 3 million children lack of nutrients due to poor nutrition. It is very important that during the first 6 months of life are fed exclusively on breast milk and subsequently to a diet rich in nutrients, especially iron and folic acid. If it is not consumed in the right in the first 3 years of age amounts, iron deficiency, as well as causing anemia, can alter behavior and lifelong learning.
With information from the UNICEF
vomiting
Some children throw up more often than others. When a child vomits a lot or shows signs of dehydration, give rehydration serum. At first give a spoonful every 15 minutes, even if vomiting continues. If you hold the drink, give a spoonful every 5 minutes. Then give longer sips. The child may recover their strength if you take fluids and food as soon as possible.
Fever (fever)
Children often develop a fever when their bodies are fighting a disease. They may have high fevers. To help you feel better, give paracetamol (acetaminophen) or ibuprofen. cool cloths or (but not cold) cool bath can also help. Give plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. A high fever in a young child can cause an attack. What is more important is to try to discover the disease that is causing fever and treat it.
Fever
Chills or much sweat
Headache, aching muscles, bellyache
Vomiting or diarrhea
Treatment
When possible, do a blood test before treating malaria.
Children with malaria commonly have anemia as well, so they must also take iron supplements.
Danger signs
Difficulty breathing
Seizures, confusion, unconsciousness or any other sign of infection to the brain (see Meningitis).
A child with these signs is in danger and needs medical help immediately. On the way, inject artesunate. If no artesunate, inject quinine. See "Some serious infectious diseases" (in processo writing).
Prevention
For different steps you can take to prevent malaria in his family and community.
Seizures, convulsions
The attacks are sudden and brief periods of unconsciousness or changes in mental status. Often the body also trembles or sometimes, the child becomes very still.
A young child may have seizures due to high fever, dehydration, injury, malaria, or other reasons. Epilepsy is the name given to these attacks when repeated. See "Problems of head and brain" (being drafted).
During an attack, clear the area around the child to avoid hitting something that hurt him. Lay the child on its side so that it does not choke if she vomits. Never hold a child who suffers an attack or attempt to grab the tongue.
An isolated attack, which apparently is not due to one of these dangerous causes, may not be a problem (even gives shock watch). If the attacks are repeated, consult your health worker.
The spasms that causes tetanus may be mistaken attacks. The jaw is closed ( "locking" of the jaw) and the body is arched backwards. Learn to identify the early signs of tetanus.
Meningitis
Meningitis is a rare but serious infection that affects the brain and spinal cord. Usually begins without apparent reason and the first sign is fever. Sometimes it occurs as a result of another disease, such as tuberculosis, measles or mumps.
Meningitis caused by tuberculosis may take several weeks to develop.
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